Urban population has increased dramatically throughout the last 50 years. We have gone from less than 10% populating cities in 1950 to more than 50% today. Developing countries have experienced urbanization at even faster rates which, consequently, leads to major deficiencies in infrastructure, thereby, exposing marginalized portions of society to high risk living arrangements, unemployment, and poor sanitation. Today, human economic activity is concentrated in large urban areas. Fossil fuels, being a high energy embedded resource, played an indispensable role in powering our daily activities; however, burning carbon rich fuels has disastrous consequences. Although carbon emissions effect seemingly inconsequential changes to climate; they continue to drastically change worldwide weather patterns.