Through which measures can cost benefits be gained? In that example benefits are gained through three different actions. First through the implementation of a risk management, second through a risk transfer to insurance companies and third to rehabilitation and compensatory component.

The actual risk for a country to suffer in a long term from a natural disaster depends on the actual exposure but also on the vulnerability of a society (how can they cope and adapt to the event). Central America as well as big parts of Africa and Asia are at high risk to suffer in a long term from natural disasters.

The chart compares 2 earthquakes and their different results for the countries. The number of deaths for Haiti is far higher (higher population density and a lesser standard of living, worse conditions after the event). However, the material loss for Chile was higher due to a bigger economy but the actual impact of the economy was far less due to a higher GDP, quicker response and better measures after the event. Different factors of a country decide about the long-term impact of a natural disaster .